Sydney Harbour Bridge

Australia is known everywhere throughout the globe for a few reasons. The normal delights of the nation and the untamed life are consistently on the highest priority on the rundown. In any case, when pondering Australia there are two super structures that ring a bell, The Sydney Opera House and The Sydney Harbor Bridge. In this short report it very well may be discovered little history alongside a short portrayal about the Sydney Bridge.II. Fundamental Body II. 1 History The main intends to assemble a scaffold really returns to year of 1815, however it wasn’t until 1922, in the wake of being postponed masculine in view of the WWI, that the parliament endorsed the laws for the development of this enormous structure. The genuine work didn’t start until 1924 and took 8 years, a 1400 men work power, and a few lamentable mishaps to at last completion it (Australian Government).The official opening function was on 19 March 1932, were the Premier of New South Wales should cut the lace, however a man in military dress riding a pony, cut the lace before the service started, proclaiming the scaffold opened for the sake of the individuals of Australia. II. 2 Description Also known as the â€Å"Coathanger† by numerous inhabitants of the city of Sydney, the Harbor Bridge is, until the date, the world’s biggest, however not longest steel curve bridge.This 53,000 tons structure is situated in the Sydney Harbor, joining the Central Business District (or CBD) at Dawes Point with the business and neighborhoods in the North Shore at Milsons Point (Wikipedia 2010). The scaffold is around 500 meters in length. Today conveys eight traffic paths, two rail lines, one toward every path, a person on foot pathway on the eastern side and a cycleway on the western side of the scaffold. The curve highest point is around 135 meters over the normal harbor water level. There are four arches at each finish of the curve that weren’t part of the underlying plan and they don’t really satisfy any auxiliary purpose.These structures were included last to improve the presence of the extension, yet now they were completely placed into utilization, the most celebrated being the one situated in the south east of the scaffold. This specific arch presently holds a three stories historical center with the extension history (Wikipedia 2010). III. End As can be seen the Sydney Harbor Bridge not just fills in as an intend to cross the harbor in an increasingly productive manner, yet it has gotten one of the most significant milestones of Australia, on account of its design, lovely perspectives and visitor attractions.It doesn’t matter if you’ve been there or not, when someone discusses Sydney, is practically inescapable yet to consider this structure. ?IV. List of sources Wikipedia 2010, Sydney Harbor Bridge, saw 2 December 2010,  http://en. wikipedia. organization/wiki/Sydney_Harbour_Bridge

Leadership and Influence Essay Samples - Make Your Essay Better With the Help of Leadership and Influence Essay Samples

Leadership and Influence Essay Samples - Make Your Essay Better With the Help of Leadership and Influence Essay SamplesWhy are leadership and influence essay samples so important? Well, they do more than just tell the student what is wrong with their essay or why they have written it the way they did, but how they can improve on it in various ways.I will admit that I, and many other high school students, may not be experts in English and composition, but when it comes to writing, we are as good as any. So, when it comes to writing an essay or report, we know what is needed to get a job done, and what is needed to get a job done right.The trick is to write about the job. Yes, we know that writing about the job in a great way is the best way to get a job done. But how can we do this if we are not sure where to start?When looking for leadership and influence essay samples, you need to remember one thing. They are not only for those who have to write a lot of papers. They are there for t he teachers and professors, for the writers who are already employed by the companies, and those who are seeking a way to boost their resume, create a new idea, or even inspire others.Leadership and influence essay samples are available for all types of student and professionals. This means that whether you are a student in high school or a college graduate or the younger, you can take advantage of this valuable tool.What do college graduates and those who have graduated and got jobs with large corporations do to find the best leadership and influence essay samples? Most use sites such as Get Student Essay Samples or Scholarships.com. You can find these sites just by searching for the keyword 'leadership and influence essay samples'.Get Student Essay Samples is a great place to get inspiration, brainstorming and article ideas for the leadership and influence essay samples. Scholarships.com is another site that may come in handy to college graduates and business professionals. They o ffer many different scholarship opportunities for students who have participated in college competitions, won awards, or performed well on job interviews.Get these sites for yourself and see what they have to offer. You will be surprised to see how much better your essay will be!

Safe medication administration Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Safe prescription organization - Research Paper Example 61). Together, these security measures lessen danger of prescription blunders, yet, these don't completely address the multifaceted nature of human factor in the mistake. In spite of the fact that tending to medicine blunders through current clinical innovations are fitting parameters in understanding security, need must be fixated on remedying inner culture in clinical practice that supports prescription mistakes into a conveying domain that advances early revision of mistakes through intentional detailing of basic blunder sources. Idea Similarities The demonstration of submitting any type of mix-ups in clinical set-up produces a lot of worry as single slip-up can prompt more terrible conditions and passing. As confirmed by Vogelsmeier, Scott-Cawiezell, and Zellmer (2007, p. 8), various elements ruin to safe drug execution, from â€Å"prescribing, archiving, apportioning, regulating, and monitoring.† In every single practical classification, poor correspondence designs usuall y showed up in each level. Indeed, even in twofold checking medicine before organization, correspondence issues may in any case happen. Shared organization against mistake is conceded as junior attendants shies from addressing senior medical attendants on defective medicine methodologies, aggravated when two partners go amiss to individual subjects during prescription checking and when programmed nursing forms dismiss further examination of reevaluating drug ideas (Armitage, 2007). As Brous (2008) concurred, correspondence needs improvement in genuine practice, and included that nursing information and aptitude capabilities, just as personnel shortages, ought to be upgraded in an authoritative domain that sustains culture of security against blunders. Correspondence, among different stressors, drive medical caretakers to improved helplessness, yet this is just a bit of man’s normally constraining abilities. Differentiations Revealed various potential arrangements have been ac quainted that guarantees with negligibly reduce, if not dispense with, human blunders in expertly conveying pharmacological operators. On a customary way, Dennison (2007) advanced innovatively upgraded technique of instructive preparing in safe meds, estimated through reasonable enhancements in performing â€Å"smart† siphons in medicine mixture. As organization stage possesses dominant part of medicine blunders, mechanical manifestations have been acquainted with block practical missteps. For DeYoung, Vanderkool, and Barletta (2009, p. 1111), antagonistic pharmacological occasions can be decreased by â€Å"bar-code-helped medicine organization (BCMA),† used explicitly at the bedside to check and help attendants to remember previous prescription exercises and fundamental medication care. Mistakes are, subsequently, forestalled as attendants are made mindful of right prescription strategies for singular patients before genuine organization. On an alternate level, steady imbuement siphons framework benefits nurture in three different ways; diminishes stresses on dose miscounts, helps trust in precisely conveying implantation specialists, and helps drug remaining burden (Rosenkoetter, et al., 2008). Capacities in effectively dispersing drugs are performed, and all medical caretakers need to do is screen it for conceivable glitch. In another innovative framework, â€Å"

Full-Length SAT Practice Tests and Where to Find Them

UPDATE: This post has been updated to reflect changes to the SAT beginning in March 2016. All of the SAT practice tests featured in this post will help you prep for the redesigned SAT. 🙂 Free Full-Length New SAT Practice Tests Now that the SAT has changed significantly many are wondering where to get practice tests. The good news is that, for the first time ever, official practice tests are available for free. The College Board (the writers of the test) has teamed up with Khan Academy to offer eight SAT practice tests that can be accessed via a link on either the College Boards website or the Khan Academy website. The not-so-good news is that, beyond these eight official practice tests, there is only one other test: a practice PSAT, which is also available on Khan Academy for free. (A special note to those who think these tests might supplement the ones found in The Official SAT Study Guide : they are actually the same exact tests!! Consider yourselves forewarned). Sources of Free SAT Tests: College Board’s Redesigned SAT Website College Board Official New SAT Practice Tests On the College Board’s website, you can print out PDFs of the eight official Redesigned SAT practice tests. You can also print out PDFs of answer explanations for each question. All tests also include a practice essay, although no explanations are provided for these. The Daily Practice App College Board also offers a free Daily Practice app with questions for the new SAT. As a pretty cool bonus, you can also use the app to take a picture of your score sheet for the official Redesigned SAT practice tests and receive an instant score. Khan Academy If you want to engage with these practice tests in a more interactive format, you can head to the Khan Academy website to take the same practice tests online (with a timer ticking). Again, these are the same exact tests you’ll find in the College Board’s other resources (which is definitely a bummer for those who think they will be getting more). Khan Academy also offers additional practice questions â€Å"approved† by the College Board if you want some extra practice. These aren’t quite the same thing as the College Board-written questions on the practice tests, but they can be a decent supplement. The Official SAT Study Guide (2016 Edition) The Blue Book Since you can find the same tests and answer explanations online for free, there isn’t much worth paying for in The Official SAT Study Guide, except maybe the intro chapters, which do include a lot of information on the structure and content of the test as well as some extra practice questions. Still, you might want to consider carefully whether it is worth your hard-earned dollars or whether you should stick with the free online resources. Magoosh Yep, thats rightyou can now get a free, full-length SAT practice test right here at Magoosh! Written by Magooshs test-prep experts, this test has everything you need to practice for test day. There are also full text AND video explanations for every single question. What more could you want? Get your free SAT practice test here! Also, dont forgetMagooshs SAT study plans can help you to integrate our test, as well as The Official Guide (or the Khan Academy Online Prep) tests into an effective SAT study schedule if you aren’t sure where to start. Redesigned PSAT Practice Test Now that the PSAT and SAT are so similar (really the only differences between them are that there are a handful more questions on the SAT versus the PSAT and the SAT’s questions are slightly harder), you can also use the College Board’s free Redesigned PSAT practice test for additional practice. Like the SAT practice tests, this downloadable PSAT also has answer explanations and a scoring sheet. Reviewing Practice SAT Tests Now that you have some SAT tests to practice with, you need to know how to review them effectively so that you can keep making progress with each test you take! Check out our video on Reviewing Your Practice Tests to learn how you can get the most out of checking your answers. You can also use our free resource, the Official SAT Study Guide, which compiles video explanations to 116 math questions from the first and second test and related free video lessons. These video explanations are also available on our so that you can ask questions and share the explanations that you find useful with friends who are also studying. Weve only done explanations for the math sections of the first two tests, so if you are interested in video explanations for other tests or other sections, let us know by leaving a reply in the comments section of this post! How to Use Official Free SAT Practice Tests in your Test Prep What I recommend students do is spread these tests out—which is obvious. But what I also advise them to do is to take each test more than once. Many think this is a terrible idea. After all, the final score won’t be an accurate reflection of your knowledge and might give you an inflated score (and even an inflated ego). The second point: you’ll already know some of the answers so how does that help you to do the same question again? The first point is accurate: you’re likely to get an overinflated score. The reason for doing a retake, however, is that you can apply the knowledge you’ve gained in between the tests. This point is a little vague so let me flesh it out a little. When you are learning grammar, let’s say, you’ll be picking up fundamentals. For instance take a look at the following sentence. The point of taking multiple standardized tests are often lost on students who must spend hours and hours hunched over an exam. If I asked you to figure out what was wrong with the underlined section, you might answer that it sounds totally fine. Though, you might also answer that something sounds weird but you can’t quite put your finger on it. Perhaps you’d go a step further and wonder if the ‘are’ should be an ‘is’. Then, over the next few weeks, you encounter many times the concept of subject-verb agreement and you learn that if you want to determine the â€Å"number† of the verb you need to ignore the prepositional phrase that comes after the subject. Here, that phrase begins â€Å"of taking multiple standardized tests†. The subject is â€Å"point†, which is singular. Therefore, ‘are’ should be ‘is’. The point here isn’t to talk grammar; it’s to show you that upon learning something new, your brain changes the way it processes information. Upon seeing the sentence again, you should able to give a logical, grammar-based reason for why ‘are’ is wrong. Did you remember the correct answer from the first time? Maybe. But this time around you can confidently get the right answer based on what you’ve learned. Additionally, you’re reinforcing the skill of recognizing subject-verb agreement errors or whatever the issue is. To be sure, you don’t want to take the same test within two weeks. But if you wait about a month, much of the test will seem new. And that’s mainly because your â€Å"SAT brain† will have grown in that time. What about SAT Practice Tests from Test Prep Companies? If you are prepping for the long haul, or if you are a tutor wondering which tests to give your students over an SAT summer course, you will need more than the eight tests offered above, regardless of repeats. The Princeton Review, Kaplan, and Barron’s each have practice tests. Before you get excited, I should warn you that there are significant downsides of taking these tests. Simply put the material is some a poor imitation of the real thing. Sure, you’ll get practice but you really won’t be prepping your brain for the rigors of the real test. It is sort of like jogging 5 miles on a treadmill, a bottle of water in front of you, and a fan blowing a gentle breeze in your phase. The actual test is more like running 5 miles up a windy summit, rain pelting your face. Besides complexity another issue is that the questions in these books were not tested on students. I know, that conveys a sense of a mad scientist in a laboratory, the students serving as hapless rodents. It’s not nearly as nefarious, though. Each SAT has an experimental section that determines the validity of question based on the difference between the percentage of high-scoring students (they’ll know this based on the score you get on the other sections) and the percentage of low-scoring students who miss a question. If low-scoring students do as well on a question as high-scoring students, then the question is not very good. If high-scoring students perform much better on a question than do lower-scoring students, then that is a sign that the question is valid. To the best of my knowledge, none of the questions in these books are vetted in this way. With that caveat out of the way, it is true that some second party publishers do a better job than others. To get a sense of how this shakes down, you’ll want to check out my Best SAT book review post. The short of it? Barron’s is the best of the big publishers so if you have to choose practice tests from one company that should be the one. And now that you have the best practice test resources, its time to schedule your best SAT test date.

Educational Philosophy Traditional And Progressive Style

Johnny Driza Professor Gee ENG 220 27 February 2017 Educational Philosophy From their initial approaches to their ultimate goal, the traditional and progressive style differ in almost every category. While the progressive style is widespread and used in a greater percentage of the world, both it and its counterpart, progressive education, are rooted in the ides of John Dewey, an American education reformer and philosopher. The traditional style sees school more as a preparation for life and focuses less on the individual more than it does on wave after wave of passive absorbers of information and authority. The progressive style views schooling as a sort of â€Å"stepping-stone† in life, a part that we use to further ourselves and our†¦show more content†¦The teacher is the source of information and authority and the linear learning that takes place in the program will be regulated by exam results that test on factual accumulation and skill mastery (Bonstingl). There is a set program in which decisions have been admini stratively made and there is little room to question or ponder the reasons why you are doing something because all that is necessary is memory and eventual recitation. Success in this type of style is determined through attaining higher scores than one’s peers through achieving the most correct answers on a given assessment. This type of approach does a great deal in terms of aiding the growth of the student’s crystallized intelligence, specifically with regards to their linguistic and logical-mathematical capabilities (Coe, Higgins, Aloisi, Elliot). It is rooted in old studies that have found that learning is aided the most by asking questions over and over and spacing out practice to simultaneously prepare a student for an upcoming exam. The goal of traditional style of teaching is not necessarily to teach and train multiple types of intelligence but rather to indirectly guide the student and have them obtain by-products while studying for academic mastery (Cothran) . In progressive education, the age old teacher-student dynamic is cast aside as the person whom was once known as the sole authority takes more of an aiding and facilitative role. School is a part of life inShow MoreRelatedJohn Dewey s Theory Of Evolution1099 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract This research is on the background of John Dewey (1859-1952), his theories, his influences and the impact that his research had on the educational systems across the United States. Functionalism, Pragmatism and Individualism are looked at, as well as Darwin’s Theory of Evolution. It also goes into the impact that Dewey’s theories had on the educational system as it is viewed during John Dewey’s lifetime and today. John Dewey (1859-1952) was born in Burlington, Vermont in 1859. He graduatedRead MoreProgressive Education Essay1318 Words   |  6 Pagesyou, words and ideas can change the world.† Typically, students do not hear enough of this type of passion in a traditional classroom. However, a progressive classroom, be it a cave or college can inspire students to memorize facts, not because they have to, but rather because they want to for the betterment of humanity. Society desperately needs students educated in a progressive style because America needs students who realize learning never stops. Today’s students and tomorrow’s professionalsRead MoreWhat Values From Traditional And Progressive Philosophies Complement Each Other868 Words   |  4 Pagesidentifiable philosophies that answer these questions: Traditional, Progressive, Existential and Critical Theory. However, they are often taken to the absolute and extreme. I firmly believe that taking both the main val ued approaches from the Traditional and Progressive Philosophies provides strong disciplinary focuses and knowledge integration. The combination of the two philosophies allows for a positive insight to all educational philosophies. Keeping the mind open to these philosophies allow forRead MoreThe Five Basic Principles Of Humanistic Education1318 Words   |  6 Pagesencourages students to work for short term results and prevents true knowledge that remains long after instruction. The fourth humanistic principle believes that both emotional feelings and knowledge are important to the learning process, unlike traditional educators, humanistic teachers do not separate the cognitive and affective domains (Principles, n.d.). Finally, humanistic educators insist that schools provide learners with a safe and secure environment to promote the learning process (PrinciplesRead MoreProgressive Theory Of Progressive Education961 Words   |  4 PagesProgressive Learning Theory in the US John Dewey’s Progressive Learning Theory is defined as any various reformist educational philosophies and methodologies since the late 1800s, applied especially to elementary schools, that reject the rote recitation and strict discipline of traditional, single classroom teaching, favoring instead more stimulation of the individual pupil as well as group discussion, more informality in the classroom, a broader curriculum, and use of laboratories, gymnasiumsRead MoreReflection On Progressivism1379 Words   |  6 PagesAfter completing the survey in the Introduction to Teaching textbook, I learned that my philosophy of education closely correlates with the views of progressivism. My understanding of this philosophy highlights the child as a whole and the importance of active learning that readies students for the world ahead of them. Progressivists also believe that experiences are a large part of a students learning which is why active learning is so common allowing students t o learn about themselves and learnRead More My Educational Philosophy Essay1196 Words   |  5 PagesMy Educational Philosophy Let experience be your teacher. Let challenges be the test of life! ~Unknown Education is an experience that without a doubt no one can avoid at least for a while. While this process should be positive sometimes it can seem more negative. People should not look back at their education and perceive it as a â€Å"bad† thing or a waste of time. Logically one would think that a person is entitled to their own opinion; however, the opinion of one’s education should neverRead MoreUnderstanding The Current Epistemological Understanding1627 Words   |  7 Pagesresearched and proven to be true. For example, when teaching science or math (or really any subject), I will use methods, formulas, equations, etc. that have been used for numerous years before me. This would demonstrate a sense of empiricism within my educational pedagogy and teaching methods. Moreover, when it comes to implementing Biblical principles into my classroom, I can be confident that what I am teaching is accurate, true, and unchanging. The Bible is absolute truth and the basis for righteous livingRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Education1335 Words   |  6 Pages I tested into a progressivism teaching style in the â€Å"Finding Your Philosophy of Education Quiz.† While I enjoyed learning about the different philosophies and psychological influences of teaching, I prefer constructivism, social reconstruction, and progressivism due to their student-centered learning, hands-on or project based learning style, while making efforts to improve the world around them. I will be discussing why I chose progressivism, social reconstruction, and constructivism as my preferencesRead More My Personal Philosophy of Education Essay690 Words   |  3 PagesMy Personal Philosophy of Education Without education, society as we know it would cease to exist. Formal education is what has made our country and other industrialized nations great. Thus, as a future educator, I anticipate the opportunity to assist in the molding of future generations by imparting essential knowledge. The famous philosopher and educator, John Dewey, once said, Education is the process of living through a continuous reconstruction of experience. It is the

Ratio Analysis Analysis And Interpretation Of Financial...

Ratio analysis is used to describe the important relationship that lies between figures based on line items in financial statements like the balance sheet, profit and loss account, and a budgetary control organization. Ratio analysis is a technique of analysis and interpretation of financial statements. It helps in evaluating the financial position and performance of the firm, ratio analysis also allows firms to compare their operational or financial performance to another firm or the industry standard. This essay will firstly discuss the purpose of financial ratios, its users and how it is applied. It will then move on to discuss the signification and limitations of ratio analysis. Furthermore, a discussion about the usefulness of specific ratios will be held using the 2013 annual report of easy jet. Lastly, my own views on the issues of financial statements, specifically financial ratios will be presented. With the help of financial statements that arise by the firm, analytical methods can be used to get information about the course of the business and the economic state. By calculating a small number of ratios it is possible to develop a clear picture of the position and performance of a firm (P.Atrill and E.Mclaney 2013). Financial ratios have two main users, management and inventors. Management uses financial ratios to analyse, control and determine the performance of their company. This will allow companies to improve in the areas where they are weak. On the otherShow MoreRelatedFinancial Performance Analysis1727 Words   |  7 PagesLITERATURE Financial statement analysis is the process of examining relationships among financial statement elements and making comparisons with relevant information. It is a tool in decision-making processes related to stocks, bonds, and other financial instruments. Analysis of financial statements provides valuable information for managerial decision. Financial analysis is commonly called analysis and interpretation offinancial statement. Analysis of financial statements means establishingRead MoreRatio Analysis in Decision Making for Health Care Organization841 Words   |  4 PagesRation analysis Financial statements paint a picture of financial health of an organization. Important aspects of the financial statement of a health care organization are ratios. Analysis of ratios show how two numbers relate or compare to one another. Ratios are a way for organizations to make comparison. These comparisons not only encompass what is happening presently but can also be used to make comparisons about numbers and ratios over time. Ratios are a way for organizations to compare themselvesRead MoreScope of the Study1611 Words   |  7 Pagesproviding an insight into the financial position by comparing the Balance Sheet of Auto Syndicate Private Ltd. This study confined to five years data from annual reports 2006-2010, financial statements and other records of the Auto Syndicate Private Ltd. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY: The study is undertaken with the following objectives * To study the liquidity position of the company. * To analyze the financial performance of the company. * To predict the general financial position and profitabilityRead MoreTraditional Financial Reporting and its Limitations962 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction In a more general term, financial statement states the details of an organization, entity and business financial activities. It provides information about the financial performance, position as at a given date, changes in financial position, etc., that are useful for economic decision. 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TheseRead MoreFinancial Performance Review and Objective1405 Words   |  6 Pages A STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF MATHRUBHUMI PRINTIONG amp; PUBLISHING COMPANY LIMITED, CALICUT COMPANY PROFILE Mathrubhumi  is one of the front-runners among the Malayalam newspapers. The first copy of Mathrubhumi  was published on 18th of March 1923K. P. Kesava Menon, the prominent freedom fighter, as Editor and K. Madhavan Nair as Managing Director of it.In the beginning, the paper was published a week and had just one edition from Kozhikode (Calicut).Now with fourteen editions, includingRead MoreFinancial Performance Review and Objective1419 Words   |  6 Pages A STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF MATHRUBHUMI PRINTIONG amp; PUBLISHING COMPANY LIMITED, CALICUT COMPANY PROFILE Mathrubhumi  is one of the front-runners among the Malayalam newspapers. The first copy of Mathrubhumi  was published on 18th of March 1923K. P. Kesava Menon, the prominent freedom fighter, as Editor and K. Madhavan Nair as Managing Director of it.In the beginning, the paper was published a week and had just one edition from Kozhikode (Calicut).Now with fourteen editions, includingRead MoreFinal Term CheatSheet21135 Words   |  5 PagesComparative analysis: Evaluation of consecutive financial statements to examine direction, speed, extent of any trend(s) Common size analysis: Evaluation of internal makeup of financial statements, and/or financial statement accounts across companies Common size income statement as a percentage of revenue Common size balance sheet as a percentage of revenue Ratio analysis: Evaluates relation between two or more economically important items. Prior Accounting analysis is important Interpretation is keyRead MoreThe Financial Status Of A Company1548 Words   |  7 PagesThe financial status of a company is a high priority for internal personal such as managers and external personal such as stockholders. The reason being that by developing financial statements and ratio analysis it allows all users to see the current and future status of a company’s financial state. Financial statements are beneficial, but have certain limitations that may cause issues, if unknown, when the company or individuals use them. This paper will discuss the benefits of ratio analysis andRead MoreFinancial Statements: Industry Comparison1557 Words   |  7 PagesFinancial Statements: Industry Comparison University of Phoenix BSA 500: Business Systems I Instructor: May 28, 2007 Financial Statements: Industry Comparison More often managers are exposed to financial data and the need exists to develop knowledge and understanding of financial accounting concepts and principals. Nearly all companies prepare financial statements of some type and the complexity of those statements will vary. The analysis and interpretations of financial statements

Clerical or Managerial Then Such Employeesâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Can Computers Pty Ltd rely on the restrain clause that is imposed by it on Chu? Can Computers Pty Ltd pierce the veil of System Pty Ltd and consider Chu to be violation of the restrain clause? Answer: Introducation When any employer employs any person at any post, whether it is operations, clerical or managerial, then, such employees is acquainted with the working of the company. But, the knowledge that is attained by such persons is at risk when such persons leave the job of the employer. In order to preserve the self interest and the confidentiality and the business, the employers are allowed to restrain the acts of such employees or officers.[1] This can be done when an employer while making the contract of employment incorporates a restrain clause according to which the employee or officer is not permitted to trade in the same business or to solicit employees or to act in certain way for a certain amount of time or at certain place. In Buckley v Tutty[2] and Peters(WA) Ltdv PetersvilleLtd[3], such restrain clauses are held to be valid because the same are established to protect the legitimate interest of the employer, to preserve the business, to secure the good will and reputation of the employer which he has built over the years.[4] But, when the restrain clause is not justified, that is when the clause is too long or when the restrain is illegal or which curtails the working capacity of the employees, then, such restrains are not permitted in law. In Spencer v Marchington[5], it was held that the restrain was for a 25 miles which is too wide and maximum restrain of 20 miles is justifiable. Further, in Briggs v Oates[6], the restrain of five years was held to be too long and was declared invalid. The restrain must be logical and must only preserve the legitimate interest of the employee in order to hold the same valid in law. any restrain clause which is too long in duration is found to be not justified in law.[7] Further, when a company is established then it is artificial person in law and attains a feature of separate legal entirety which simply submits that a company is an independent body and cannot be associated with its employees of officers. It has the capacity to enter into contracts, to sue, to hold property independently. The acts of the company are in its own name and the officers cannot be held liable for the same. In Salomon v Salomon Co[8], the court held that once a company is formed then its officers are not to be treated alike with the company. The company is separate and must not be associated with the acts of its officers.[9] But, many a times, a company is formed in order to deceive people. For instance, to commit fraud, fabrication, agony, etc,. In such situation, the courts are willing to price the veil of the company and the acts of the company are considered to be the acts of the officers and they are then held personally liable for the same. In Gilford MotorCo Ltd v Horne[10], an ex officers wife formulates a company and solicits the clients of the officers company. Though the officer was not the director of the new company but the court pierce the veil and held that the officer is in fact the owner of the company with the main aim to solicit the clients of his previous company. Thus, to avoid any kind of fraud the veil of the company can be pierced so as to avail justice.[11] The relevant law is applied to the facts The law dealing with piercing the corporate veil of the company and the applicability of restrain clause is now analyzed on the given facts and scenario. Issue 1 Chu was working with Computers Pty Ltd for past five years at the position of operations manager. Because of his managerial post, Chu is in constant touch with the clients of Computers Pty Ltd and is thus very well aware of their identities. Considering the knowledge and confidential informations that are attained by Chu while working with Computers Pty Ltd, the Computers Pty Ltd has incorporate a restrain clause in the employment clause of Chu that he is not allowed to work in dealing with the retails of hardware and software of selling computer for next two years (after he cases to be the manager) within New South Wales. It is submitted that the restrain imposed by Computers Pty Ltd on Chu is valid because the same is only for two years and the length of such a restrain is valid and is rightly established in Briggs v Oates. Also, Computers Pty Ltd is aware that the information attained by Chu is very confidential and if the same is used by him to solicit the employee of the company then it is against its legitimate interest and will also trash its goodwill and business. So, as per Buckley v Tutty and Peters(WA) Ltdv PetersvilleLtd, the restrain clause is also valid of business, interest and confidentiality of Computers Pty Ltd. So, the clause is valid. Issue 2 Now, after leaving the job with Computers Pty Ltd in March, Chus wife in April established a company in the name of System Pty Ltd. the main of the business of System Pty Ltd was same with that of Computers Pty Ltd, that is, they were also dealing in the retail of computer softwares and hardware. The System Pty Ltd was also soliciting the customers of Computers Pty Ltd who are within the knowledge of Chu. Though Chu was not in the board of directors of System Pty Ltd, but, the only director of the company was the wife of Chu. The facts of the case are very similar to the facts of Gilford MotorCo Ltd v Horne. It is submitted that it is rightful in piercing the veil of the company at this stage because System Pty Ltd was established after a month when Cu resign with Computers Pty Ltd. System Pty Ltd was also soliciting the Computers Pty Ltd clients and was also dealing in the same business. The main aim of forming System Pty Ltd was only so that Chu can escape from the restrain clause that is imposed by Computers Pty Ltd on Chu. So, Chu has very cleverly in order to avoid the repercussion of the restrain clause has established the company in his wife name and is dealing with all stuffs that he is prohibited to do under the restrain clause. Concluding remarks Since, the restrain clause is only for two years and only prohibiting the trade in New South wale, thus, the clause is valid and can be enforceable against Chu. Also, the company System Pty Ltd was only made by the wife of Chu so that Chu can avoid the restrain clause that is imposed upon him. Thus, the veil should be pierced and the company and Chu must be considered as same and Chu must be held liable for violating the terms of the restrain clause. References Books/Articles/Journals BROOKS, ADRIAN , The Limits Of Competition: Restraint Of Trade In The Context Of Employment Contracts [2001] UNSWLawJl 27. Caffrey, A. Bradford., Guidebook to Contract Law in Australia (CCH Australia, 1991). Latimer, Paul, Australian Business Law 2012 (CCH Australia Limited, 2012). Tomasic Roman, Stephen Bottomley and Rob McQueen, Corporations Law in Australia (Federation Press, 2002). Case laws Briggs v Oates[1990] IRLR 473 Buckley v Tutty- [1971] HCA 71. Gilford MotorCo Ltd v Horne [1933] Ch 935 Peters(WA) Ltdv PetersvilleLtd [2001] HCA 45. Salomon v Salomon Co [1897] AC 22. Spencer v Marchington [1988] IRLR 392 [1] Bradford. A. Caffrey, Guidebook to Contract Law in Australia (CCH Australia, 1991). [2] Buckley v Tutty- [1971] HCA 71. [3] Peters(WA) Ltdv PetersvilleLtd [2001] HCA 45. [4] Paul Latimer, Australian Business Law 2012 (CCH Australia Limited, 2012). [5] Spencer v Marchington [1988] IRLR 392. [6] Briggs v Oates[1990] IRLR 473. [7] ADRIAN BROOKS, The Limits Of Competition: Restraint Of Trade In The Context Of Employment Contracts [2001] UNSWLawJl 27. [8] Salomon v Salomon Co [1897] AC 22. [9] Roman Tomasic, Stephen Bottomley and Rob McQueen, Corporations Law in Australia (Federation Press, 2002).Top of Form Bottom of Form [10] Gilford MotorCo Ltd v Horne [1933] Ch 935. [11] Michael Adams, Essential Corporate Law: Second Edition (Cavendish Australia, 2002).

Planets And Solar System Essays - Astronomy, Planetary Science

Planets And Solar System Planets and Solar System The Planets and the Solar System Planets 2 A planet is a celestial body that revolves around a central star and does not shine by its own light (Grolier, 1992). The only planetary system that is known to man is our solar system. It is made up of nine planets which range in size and make-up. The nine major planets in our solar system are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. There are also many other minor planets which are also in our solar system, but they are unimportant compared to the nine major planets. In this paper I will discuss the planets and how they are each unique. Mercury which is the planet that is closest to the sun is the first planet I will discuss. Mercury is the smallest of the inner planets. It is speculated that the heat from the sun made it impossible for the gases present to become part of the planetary formation. The surface of Mercury is extremely hot. It is approximately 470 degrees celsius on the surface and is thought to be even hotter at the two hot spots. These hot spots are on opposite ends of the equator. It is the heat of the surface that makes it impossible for Mercury to have any type of atmosphere. Mercury orbits the sun once every 88 days and has a true rotation period of 58.6 days. It is the closest planet to the sun and therefore orbits faster than any other planet (Thompson/Turk, 542, 1993). It is said that Mercury rotates three times for every two trips around the sun, so that during Planets 3 every alternate perihelon passage the same face points directly at the sun. Geologically, the most remarkable features of Mercury are compressional cliffs or faults, just the sort of wrinkles that might form in the crust if the interior of the planet shrank slightly (Morrison, 74, 1993). It is speculated that it was the solidification of Mercury's metallic core that caused this global shrinkage. Mercury is also . . . enriched in metal or depleted of rock (Morrison, 74, 1993). It is also believed that some of the inner core of Mercury is still in a fluid state. Scientists also believe that Mercury's surface is made partially of silicate rock. The best way to describe Mercury is, . . . small, heavily cratered and airless (Morrison, 71, 1993). Venus is the second closest planet to the sun and is said to . . . most closely resemble Earth in size, density, and distance from the sun (Thompson/Turk, 542, 1993). Venus is known to most scientists as the sister planet to the Earth. It is called this because it closely resembles the Earth's mass, density and diameter. The only thing different is that Venus is shrouded in thick clouds that completely hide the surface of the planet (Grolier, 1992). The surface temperature is also much warmer than that of Earth. Venus completes one revolution around the sun in 224.7 days. This makes the Venusian day equal to 117 earth days. It is thought that this slow rotation may be the reason why Venus has no magnetic field. Planets 4 The atmosphere of Venus made up of 98% carbon dioxide and 2% Nitrogen. This atmosphere also has the presence of helium, neon and argon. This is yet another thing which makes Venus different from Earth. The surface of Venus is quite a bit like that of the Earth. The surface has volcanoes and smooth plains. Much of the volcanic activity on Venus takes the form of Basaltic eruptions that inundate large ares, much as the mare volcanism flooded the impacted basins on the near side of the moon (Morrison, 93, 1993). One thing that differs from Earth is that there is no water liquid on the Venusian surface. Some of the scientific data that follows was taken out of Cattermole's book. The mean distance from the sun is 108.20 Km. The equatorial diameter is 12,012 Km and the equatorial rotation is 243 days. Finally the mass of Venus is 4.87*10^24 (Cattermole, 63, 1993). Venus, although different than Earth, is still our sister planet. Mars is the fourth furthest away from the sun and is recognized by its reddish color. Mars is also very much like the Earth. More than any other planet in the solar system, Mars has characteristics that make it an Earth-like world (Grolier, 1992). One thing that is very similar to Earth is the rotation period. Mars rotation period is only thirty seven minutes longer than the Earth's. This

ASSIGNMENT ON LEADERSHIP AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT Essays

ASSIGNMENT ON LEADERSHIP AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT Essays ASSIGNMENT ON LEADERSHIP AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT Paper ASSIGNMENT ON LEADERSHIP AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT Paper Assignment Topic-2: Leaders are born, non made . Discourse the statement with mention to leading model presently in us in administrations. Introduction: The constitution of relationship between followings and leaders that focus on existent alterations and results that reflects through shared intents is fundamentally leading. Leadership besides involves in making alteration non merely in keeping position quotation mark. Another leading of import characteristic is to convey people and do them understanding to come together around a common vision and to convey alteration about coveted hereafter. In many facets, the importance of leading is critical without it households, communities and every bit good as administrations would travel down apart. In other sense, the manner of bettering efficiency, morale, client service and public presentation is the critical facet of leading. It is besides indispensable for the administrations to manage critical state of affairs and take that efficaciously and merely a good leader with good leading ability can take squad successfully. There are different manners of leading basically it is manner the indi vidual trades with that in order to remain alive in his or her place. These are autocratic, democratic and laissez-faire. In autocratic leading manner, leader holds all the power and duties. In this manner, employees are assigned to specific undertaking by the leader and anticipate to acquire it done orderly. In individualistic leading manner, leader gives power to employees. There are two or more alternate determinations taken by leader, employees can take any of them from there it depends up to them. In democratic leading manners, leader gives more importance on employees and attempts to promote them and shows attending to persons. Current construction of leading: A good considerate of leading requires a assemblage of thoughts and we unfortunately can non fallback on a simple theory to explicate it. We will hold to discourse that how leading can suit within the administration alternatively of prosecuting in conversation. The administrations have a construction to work signifier through making an understanding about leading. Administration must hold to be comprehensive for everyone to go a leader. Leader s demand to be relational, it would merely be possible because of the ground there is a spiritual side to leading. Leaderships must hold strong religious strong beliefs and beliefs to set up a base for their personal value systems. This translates into releasing one-self to others and it works best when the leader is compelled to work on things that represent his or her deepest values. These values can be moral based on values that are outside the organisation or ethical values within the organisation. Therefore, leaders must be really much grounded in covering with values -struggling with a tenseness between alteration and stableness what works and what does non work.[ 1 ] Arguments in support of Leader s are born non made : Historically there are many leading attacks that linked with different theories of leading. It can be discussed through nature poetries nature deliberate. The Great adult male theory and Trait Theory represented the best nature statement related to above statement. Great Man theory of leading: 1900 s: This is the earliest theories of leading. At that clip most of the research workers believed that leaders are born, non made . In Great Man theory, describes that the chief secrets of a great leader lies in being born great. It gives importance on the survey of all the great leaders who were great, may be they are from nobility or from the lower categories but they had the chances to take. By happening out those people who did great things such as Nepolean, Hitler, Curchill if we go farther back so Lord Krisna, Gesus and Hazrat Mohammad were really easy to indicate out them. Harmonizing to Great Man theory, it considers that leaders must hold built-in capacity for leading that leader s are born non made. This theory frequently depict great leaders are brave, mythic and intended to lift leading when needed. Leaderships must hold some qualities like good commanding power, inventiveness, good character, bravery, self-control ; ferocity and expressiveness by Born that ca nt be possessed through acquisition or through peculiar taught programmes. Trait Theories of Leadership: 1900s-1940: Trait theories are similar to Great Man theories in some ways. It assumes that leaders must possess general traits or personal characteristics that they get by Born and common to all and make them better matched to leading. In Trait Theory of leading merely tried to happen traits of well-known leader that were frequent. Sometimes Trait theories recognize demanding personality and behavioral characteristics shared by leaders. This attack was based on the strategy that is individualism and personal intrinsic worth that distinguish successful leader signifier everyone else. In 1994, Yukl conducted research on traits and accomplishments and linked to organizational effectivity. These were: energy and force per unit area forbearance, self-control, interior venue of control, emotional adulthood, worthiness, domination inspiration, making orientation, need for association. Arguments opposite to Leader s are born non made: The other leading theories explain societal and contextual position like Behavioural Theories, Situational Theories, and Normative theories, transactional and transformational Theories. The Behavioral theories assume that leaders are made non born. Chiefly Behavioural theory focal points on leader s action non upon internal province and mental qualities. Behavioral Theories of Leadership: In this theory chiefly concentrate on behavior of leaders in the way of the followings and this became a taking manner of leading nearing within the administration. Diverse forms of manners were grouped together and categorized as manners. These activities of direction through preparation became really celebrated. Basically these manners are- Undertaking concern: Here leaders give of import on aims accomplishment through high degree productiveness, and ways to pull off people and activities for accomplishing those aims. Peoples concern: Here leaders focus on their followings as people what their demands, involvements, what their jobs, how it can be development and so on. They are non merely units of production or means to an terminal. Directing leading: This manner is considered by leaders make determinations for others and wanting all the followings or subsidiaries will prosecute that waies. Participative leading: Here leaders take portion in decision-making by sharing among others. ( Wright 1996: 36-7 ) Situational Theories of Leadership: In situational theories of leading gives more importance on the different state of affairss like where the undertaking to be accomplished, tantrum surrounded by personalities, power and perceptual experiences. Effectiveness of leading relies on those state of affairss. These situational theories are besides called Eventuality theories because this Theory is reliant upon the demands or the position of the state of affairss. The Hersey Blanchard Theory: This situational theory developed by Paul Hersey and Kenneth Blanchard and it focuses on activity and operational environment of the administration. Their chief attack was that followings will ever acquire favor from the leader about their willingness to make the occupation. In this attack leaders have to understand about the followings decently and have to place their phase of development and harmonizing to that use the leading manner. With taking aid from Ohio State surveies and develop four leading manners that is available for managers- Directing or stating Coaching or selling Participating or back uping Delegating Directing or stating: Occupation duties is defined by the leader and inform to followings about when to make that and where to make it and how can it be done. Coaching: It s a two manner communicating here leader gives supportive way to followings and sometimes inquire for thoughts or suggestion from followings every bit good. Supporting or take parting: The leader and follower portion in determination consequently to accomplish a maximal values like what will be the best to vie with high deserving occupation Delegating: Followings get small support from the leaders. Deductions of this theory: one job is that it does non count how difficult leaders try but they are against to alter from one manner to another. + Supportive Coaching Supportive behavior Delegating Stating Directive behavior + Figure: Different manners 1960s-70: In Contingency/situational theory argues-what leaders perform that can be determined by that state of affairss and that behaviours must be related with that environmental state of affairss in manus. A good situational leader can merely use different leading manners with the altering state of affairss. The best action taken by the leader depends on of the leader depends on a scope of situational factors. How the theoretical account works merely to accomplish consequences: Designation of elaborate occupation and undertaking Buttockss present public presentation Matching leader response Different leading manners could act upon by the broad scope of variables depending on the different environmental state of affairss and it creates an impact on leader behavior, in which leader can work. There are some critical eventualities like organizational volume, complexness in undertaking, adulthood of worker and so many others. Harmonizing to situational theory, situational factors are limited and vary harmonizing to that eventuality and specified behavior of leader can merely work in certain sort of state of affairss non for all. There are three most outstanding theories of contingency- Path-Goal theory Feidler s Contingency theory The Vroom-Yetton s theoretical account Path-Goal theory: In this theory harmonizing to House ; 1971: chiefly concentrate on leader s motivational map and it can be enhanced by increasing single final payments to subsidiaries for work end accomplishment, gain personal satisfaction by intensifying chances. Harmonizing to these theories key occupier is that the effectivity can be measured through the behaviors of different leaders that will be influenced by situational variables. Fiedler s Contingency theory: In 1971, Feidler proposed elucidation on that how group public presentation can be affected through the dealingss of leading orientation, group scene and occupation features. Leader s state of affairs can mensurate though assorted extents like relationships between leaders and members, construction of occupation and place power. The relationship between leader and member: This refers to how the leader is liked by the group members. When good relationship exists between leaders and members so all are get high satisfaction in work and administrations values is achieved through single values. If the relation is traveling severely so there is deficiency of common trust. Another of import term group coherence, it is really hard to do all the employees work together when it low. The Vroom-Yetton s theoretical account of leading: This theoretical account is widely used in the development of leading in corporate Centre and besides gets adequate support from practicians. The most of import facets of this theoretical account is that legitimates both the bossy and democratic leader behavior and matching that is suited in punctilious state of affairss. This theoretical account besides provides fruitful information about what would be the perfect clip of utilizing groups or opposed to personality determination devising. This theoretical account has some restrictions like leaders are ever have to take determination in choosing of leading manners, it considers each determination in term of state of affairs but it does non depend on old factor. Transactional Theories: This attack of leading was most popular at that clip and this is defined by Gibson, Ivancevich and Donnelly. It has some similar characteristics with situational theories. It s a sort of leading where leaders find out what the demand of followings to accomplish organizational public presentation as a agency of wagess. In this theory has several premises like it motivates people through wages and acquire penalty for the cause of errors, followings know what they have to make harmonizing to way for the intent of acquiring wagess. Sometimes they use direction by exclusion techniques. The transactional leader sometimes utilize Path-Goal theory as a model but leader take all the duties for puting ends, mission for deriving effectivity. Transformational Theories: Followings are motivated and inspired by the transmutation leaders and to accomplish consequences more than desired. This is the most recent theories of leading. This leading ability based on different personality factors like personal appeal, individual attending and rational diversion. There are several effects of transformational leading defined by Bernard Bass and Bruce Avolio ( 1994 ) .These are as follows: Motivating others to affect them in work from new perceptual experience Consciousness about what the mission of the administration Developing ability of other s to accomplish public presentation at exceeds degree Involved in finding the benefits of the administrations by actuating the beyond their attending as they could hold. Theory X and Theory Y of Leadership: In 1960, Douglus and McGregor described this leading theory that the activities of leaders are based on their thought and considerations about the persons at work. He besides described the behavior of leaders in two contrasting sets of bliefs.These are theory X and Theory Y. The premises of Theory X: Average single do non like work and avoid if they can Individual demand to maintain forcing for accomplishing desired aims by directing, commanding and endangering through giving penalty This attack can take actions The premises of Theory Y: Peoples will work in their ain duties and command harmonizing to how they are committed. In common people have some qualities like creativity and imagination The mean persons are non merely accepted but look for aims. Charismatic Leadership: This theory is defined by Max Weber and chiefly focal points on leader s magnetic features. Through these features leaders influence the followings and they can alter anything. It is non possible to entree these qualities by ordinary people by and large they are extraordinary. They are like charming leaders they got particular power to manage complex state of affairss. Leadership theoretical accounts: Leaderships how they act and the manner how they do that can be understood by the aid of Leadership theoretical accounts. There are two theoretical accounts: the Four Framework Approach and the Managerial Grid.[ 2 ] Four Framework Approach In the Four Framework Approach, Bolman and Deal ( 1991 ) propose that leaders exhibit leading behavior in one of four types of models: Structural, Human Resource, Political, or Symbolic. Harmonizing to this theoretical account, leaders can be place into one of these four different models and there are times when one attack is proper and times when it would non be. It besides describes that manners may either efficient or inefficient depending on state of affairss. It would be better non to trust on one of the four different attacks. It can explicate by an illustration, for the period of major organizational alteration ; Structural leading manner is more preferred than symbolic leading manner ; when an administration demand strong growing at that clip symbolic attack is far better than structural attack. So we need to be cognizant about utilizing these attacks and its restrictions. Structural Framework In structural model, leaders are focuses on agreement, scheme, environment, executing, experimentation, and change. It besides describes the leaders as a societal designer and their leading is design and analyse. Human Resource Framework In human resource model describes the effective fortunes of leading ; the leader is a vehicle and retainer whose leading manner is sustain, recommending, and authorization. In other ways for an inefficient status of leading, the leader is a soft touch, whose leading manner is abandonment and fraudulence. Human Resource approaches leaders have faith in people and portion their belief ; they are perceptible and available ; they empower, increase engagement, support, portion their information, and travel in determination devising along into the organisation. Political Model In political model, the leader is a candidate, whose leading manner is confederation and edifice which best describes an effectual leading state of affairs. In a useless leading state of affairs, the leader is a streetwalker ; leading manner of leader is maneuvering. Political leaders make clear what they desire and what they can acquire through measuring the allocation of power and involvements ; they assemble linkages to other stakeholders, usage trickeries foremost, and so utilize dialogue and subjugation merely if necessary. Symbolic Framework In symbolic attack gives precedence on leading manner that leaders use for inspiration as an efficient state of affairs. In other sense of inefficient leading state of affairs is leaders are fool and their manners of leading is like fume. Managerial Grid In 1985 harmonizing to the Blake and Mouton Managerial Grid, besides recognized as the Leadership Grid describes two axes. Vertically it describes concern for people and horizontally describes concern for undertaking. Both of these axes have range from 0 to 9. Majority of people plunge someplace near to the Centre of the two axes Middle of the Road. Peoples can notch up on the utmost terminal of the graduated tables by traveling to the extremes. There are four types of leading manners by making to extremes ; that is, Authoritarian strong on mundane occupations, puny on people related plants State Club strong on people related plants, weak on mundane occupations Impoverished weak on mundane occupations, weak on people related plants Team Leader strong on mundane occupations, strong on people related plants Authoritarian Leader Peoples who get this ranking are really much undertaking related and are stiff on their workers. These types of leader ever expect people to acquire work done about what they precisely said with no issue or argument. Team Leader These types of single lead positively and act upon all the squad members to make in highest potency, both as squad members and as people. They encourage the squad to make squad ends every bit expeditiously as possible, while besides working diligently to do stronger the bonds between the assorted members. Productive squads are lead by them successfully. Qualities of people in leading places: There are three degrees of leading places in an administration. These are strategic degree, operational degree and squad degree. A good leader should possess some good qualities to manage this place efficaciously and tactfully. These are as follows: Good character Good personality Devotion Self confidence-this will assist them to place subsidiary s endowment fundamentally that will assist the concern to travel up Good communicating capability- it is really of import for any concern to run efficaciously without this it is impossible Good learner-it will assist them to develop Hazard taking ability Problem work outing capableness Relationships-this qualities need to keep positive relationship in all countries Creative minded-this qualities help them to convey any alteration when there is esteem demands in order to prolong in the concern for accomplishing high degree of success Positive attitudes Servant leadership-decision devising ability through sing the sentiment attraction with concern vision by exciting the followings Courage Advanced Good motive power Leadership development enterprises: There are several patterns which describe the best leading development enterprises. First, the good committedness between top leaders and directors and be extremely regarded, associated with concern scheme and resolute on the right concern issues. Second, through the designation of successful leading competences. Third, leading development is more of import than preparation of direction. If leaders are effectual in administration so all degrees of people in administration steered up. Fourthly, need to use leading all degrees of direction. Fifthly, leading development programme must include on-going attack like assignments for development, meetings with abroad opposite numbers, instance surveies etc. Finally, the successful incorporation of talent direction.[ 3 ] Examples of Starbucks company leading: In the history of Starbucks growing Howard Schultz was the greatest leader. In 1982, when Starbucks was traveling to worsen after presenting in the market. At that clip Howard Schultz was get appointed as a new CEO for Starbucks and accelerated the whole to go a planetary trade name worldwide. In my sentiment he merely transforms everything within a short clip. He made people understand that selling a cup of java in Starbucks is a lifestyle acquaintance, unlike any other cafe . He applied leading eventuality attack to do alterations in organizational scenes. Under Schultz s leading, the company has achieved a figure of mileposts. Starbucks was one of the first in private held companies in North America to offer two alone benefits to its spouses ( employees ) . He chiefly focused on clients and made them understand their demands.[ 4 ] Decision: At the terminal we can reason by summarizing on that leaders are born, non made . In early age of Leadership they thought that leader should posses some particular endowment in Born. That can non be possessed through acquisition, or developed though preparation. They did nt see the places every bit good as they were merely born to take. In current research on leading focused on the personality trait of leader that should hold. Now in our administration all the leaders are good educated and decently trained. They have got the cognition to manage the critical state of affairss. Presently in compared to corporate sector, Most of the administrations now concentrating on chief diverseness enterprises and it can undertake through behavioral attack of leading. These diverseness enterprises can merely be implemented through behavioral attack in todays or tomorrow s in the administrations. The quality of the leader is really of import. The success of the company is to the full depending on t he good quality of the leader.

Cultural differences in nonverbal communication Research Paper

Cultural differences in nonverbal communication - Research Paper Example The different ways of expressing nonverbal communication become pronounced especially in a multicultural context. Different cultures have different ways of expressing themselves nonverbally. However, it is worth noting that there are nonverbal communication ways which are similar across the board. One unique feature about nonverbal communication is that forms of expression used in a culture to express a particular message may not express the same message if used in another culture. Nonverbal communication forms can therefore be said to be the same across the board, but the ways they are used differs a great deal and hence the messages they communicate differ a great deal depending on how and where they are used. Because of these fundamental differences across the board, it therefore becomes possible for subjects to communicate different messages when using nonverbal communication forms in a multicultural context without their knowledge. This leads to a breakdown of communication and emergence of conflicts. This is the subject of this research paper. The paper will make a detailed discussion of cultural differences in nonverbal communication. NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION A clear understanding of nonverbal communication is essential for a proper discussion of the objective of this paper. According to Martin and Friedman, nonverbal communication is a way of passing messages or/and emotions without using words. Ways in which verbal communication is expressed include â€Å"facial expression, gestures, gaze, touch and vocal cues† (Martin and Friedman 3). Davis describes nonverbal communication with more features and includes actions such as â€Å"rolling your eyes, how you look at someone, your posture, whether you move your hands, how close you stand, the tone of your voice and the speed at which you speak† (233). In the views of Prinsen and Punyanunt-Carter, nonverbal communication also includes touching and eye contact. Basically, it can be argued that no nverbal communication makes use of body organs to communicate. The manner in which the body organs are twisted or moved or altered can communicate differently. These movements of body organs are numerous and all of them cannot be mentioned in this paper. This is especially the case when different cultures are involved. Martin and Friedman argue that nonverbal communication is quite essential especially where â€Å"verbal communications are untrustworthy, ambiguous or otherwise difficult to interpret† (Martin and Friedman 3). Topan shares the same views and adds that nonverbal communication is more important than verbal communication. He argues that this is because â€Å"up to 93 percent of all communication takes place at a nonverbal and paraverbal level† (Topan 132). Davis equally concurs by saying nonverbal communication has more effect than words (233). Nonverbal communication has clearly been ranked top as the best means of true expression. Indeed, Topan argues tha t people will choose to take the message they see in place of the one they hear (136). This simply means if there is a contradiction between what one is saying verbally and nonverbally, then the message communicated nonverbally is taken as the actually intended message that is being communicated. With a good understanding of what nonverbal communication is and even more importantly its significance, it is therefore necessary to examine how different cultures express themselves nonverbally. At this point, it is

English Class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

English Class - Essay Example The plot displays the equipments to reduce the strength and intellectual power as well as thinking abilities. It is unfair to torture any individual for the capabilities and talents. It is an act that is based on equality at the cost of humane. Courage was shown by Harrison to defy the regulations of equality, he emerged as a hero who could manage to run away from prison to challenge the government and removed all the obstructions and declared himself to be an emperor. This heroic deed is worth appreciating as it represents the right of human survival and existence. Every individual has right to lead a life the way he/ she wants and this is displayed by Harrison. The plot has some correlation with the current world, the state of affairs of Libya. The ruler is inhumane and there is no place for emotions and sacrifice in front of the dictatorship. The plot very well tried to depict the victory of courage but with a sacrifice and soon people forgot what had happened and they have to abi de by the rules and obey as commanded. In the present world where disparities exists in almost every field of human endeavor, people are becoming ruthless to be competent enough and to reach high in life.

Darwin as the New Mythology Essay Example for Free

Darwin as the New Mythology Essay It has been a major struggle for the scientific community to understand the persistence of religious belief. After centuries of writing by rationalist thinkers, it remains a mystery why so many continue to believe in the old gods. The survival of religion has been though revolution, political and economic change and every conceivable alteration of consciousness throughout the ages. â€Å"Common sense† would then say that religion, in some very real sense, is true, is righteous and factual if it has survived so many changes. Buckert, however, holds that the only way to explain this persistence, short of admitting there is much truth behind it, is that it assists humanity in adapting to changing environments: in short, making religion part of the Darwinian universe. This review will revolve around the methods used by the author in deriving his conclusion, really on the basis that his treatments of the specific cases are so lacking in detail as to be purely superficial. Hence, the real meat of the book lies in methodology, the â€Å"suggestion† of alternate ways of looking at religion. Buckert begins by making the claim that nearly all researchers on religion hold: that there are undeniable similarities among all religions, regardless of their background or geographical origin (4-6). There is the ubiquity of prayer and sacrifice, the saturation of symbol and other forms of communication within groups, and ultimately, the creation and maintenance of group solidarity, itself an important ingredient in winning the struggle for survival (13). Ultimately, the book makes a single argument: religion makes sense because it assists in the struggle for survival. Even institutions such as self sacrifice and the rejection of competition among certain religions are in fact adaptive behaviors that maintain the solidarity necessary to function in a hostile world. There is no specific reason who religion and religious ideas specifically are necessary for this, nor does this explain the persistence of belief, though it may offer a suggestion as to its ancient origin–which are two different arguments. One interesting (and irritating) feature of this book is that there is no real â€Å"argument† given in the standard sense, rather than a series of suggestions loosely held together by what might be called â€Å"popular Darwinism. † This singular suggestion, that religion â€Å"works† for maintaining solidarity is certainly nothing new, and offers such a superficial view of disparate religions that it remains merely a suggestion, a means of planting doubts among readers who are followers of a certain religious system. Religions such as Christianity or Islam are described in one or two sentence snippets, clearly â€Å"sacrificing† detail for the sake of a smoothly running argument, the ultimate drawback of this work. Giving this thesis in more detail, the author brings this thesis to bear on such objects as guilt, hierarchy, meaning and gift giving–all of these exist in the realm of biology and the world of problem solving within the context of group solidarity, itself a biological mechanism. Again, all of these are described in a few lines, providing a superficial context for the generalizations upon which the book is based. Guilt, for example (cf 103-105), is the beginning of problem solving. Natural disasters, disease, etc. are inevitably met by questions such as â€Å"why us? † Hence, guilt fixes blame so that the group can then go about the business of reinforcing its solidarity to fix the problem. Uses of guilt and shame are constant to punish deviants and maintain solidarity, not to mention reinforcing the world of hierarchy and authority relations. â€Å"Meaning† is offered, on the most general level possible, as finding a purpose in a universe of â€Å"infinite complexity† (26). Of course, Darwin himself could also serve these ends. â€Å"Sacrifice† is treated in an interesting, yet radically general way, as the utilitarian doctrine as sacrificing the part for the whole. In other words, the author uses the example of an animal chewing off its own foot to get out of a trap. Human sacrifice is something like that. This is the basic structure of the book and the method of generalization. â€Å"Generalization† here is deliberately called a method because the argument only works (or at least works smoothly) when it functions at a high level of generality. A specialized study of religious systems will bring out so many deviations from this general scheme as to render it useless. Hence, it must remain at a superficial level. What is the most significant element of the book, however, is the methodology itself. The best way to understand the flow and structure of this work is to grasp the methodological assumptions that are inherent in it. None of these assumptions are argued for, and it is assumed that readers will agree a priori. a. Objects in the natural world create the consciousness not just of peoples, but of communities. Consciousness is not considered an autonomous object and free will is rejected implicitly, consciousness is created by the existence of objects in space and time, and hence, is controlled by them. b. Putting this differently, Buckert assumes that consciousness is a material object, itself part and parcel of the world of cause and effect. This is tantamount to holding that the religious objects of worship or fetish are not actually real, but are artifacts, in fact, residual categories, of the enslavement of consciousness to the world of matter and competition. Even more, that all religions are like this and have the same root, regardless of the background, geography or time period in which they develop. c. The beliefs and methods of the modern scientific mind and their conclusions are assumed to be true, and hence, any treatment of religion (or any social phenomenon whatever) must conform to their demands. In other words, instead of couching his phrases in terms of religion according to â€Å"natural selection,† Buckert phrases his approach in terms of â€Å"facts† and â€Å"truth† about the world of material bodies and cause and effect, within which consciousness develops and takes its course. Needless to say, this approach undercuts his own claim to objectivity and scientific rationalism. d. Another major methodological assumption here is that all thought patterns, or patterns of consciousness require a cause, and this cause is provided by group solidarity and the struggle for survival. Putting this differently, each pattern of consciousness, that is, any systematized belief system must have its roots in evolutionary biology to be made sense of. This is to say that any thought pattern that can be traced throughout time in some superficially similar pattern must have a cause with roots in biology. Of course, this means that group solidarity is itself a biological function and hence, all forms of thought that reinforce such solidarity. e. A striking claim made implicitly throughout the book (and made the bedrock of the argument) is that religious claims are ultimately false. Better, not so much false or true but beyond such evaluations because the purpose is survival and competition, rather than claims of truth or falsity. Of course, religious devotees regularly make truth claims, and many of these claims are directly detrimental to their survival or flourishing. The answer to these claims can be found in the â€Å"Escape and Offerings† chapter (chapter two), where the author holds that when one can see sacrifice as beneficial (cutting off an arm that could infect the whole body, for example), the personal sacrifices of martyrs, etc, can be explained (34-38). This is the â€Å"fallacy of equivocation,† since one is using the word â€Å"sacrifice† in two very different senses and contexts. One might see the utility in sacrificing one to save the whole, but this has nothing to do with explaining the desire for martyrdom or the sacrifice of millions in persecutions of religion. â€Å"Sacrifice† is here used in two different senses. f. States of consciousness such as guilt or reciprocation make no sense unless placed in a Darwinian context. This is merely the thesis restated. But implicitly, this argues that states such as guilt are residual categories of the evolutionary process, and hence, are not real, they are epi-phenomena at best. The argument comes down to justifying one’s own feelings of guilt by claiming that these guilt feelings assist in the development of group solidarity, and hence, it is acceptable that I feel them. Again, this is equivocation, making the jump from the collective to the individual within the same argument. In fact, equivocation is just as much central to Buckert as anything else, since the entire structure of the book is a regular back and forth between the animal world and the development of human religion. Hence if it can be justified in the animal kingdom, it is justified in human society, and if in human society, then the individual. g. Finally, Buckert fails to see the self-referential argument involved. If thought processes are part of the biological process and creative of social solidarity (or are derivative from it), then the Darwinian consensus of the modern scientific establishment also then falls into this category. Such a consensus assists biology in developing its rhetorical weapons, its receipt of grant money and its social prestige. How are these not nearly identical to the present argument concerning religion? In conclusion, the Buckert book here under review is a series of logical equivocations and false parallelisms. Ultimately, the book might have worked if the field of ancient religion had been its specific base (and it the author’s field, after all), rather than seeking to answer the question of the persistence of religion over time. Religion in its primitive, polytheistic sense might fit Buckert’s thesis. However, the existence of a sophisticated Christianity in the High Middle Ages, on the other hand, does not so fit. Developed, literate religions such as Islam have created as many barriers to group solidarity as catalysts, and hence, the argument breaks down. One might conclude that since modern societies have developed new means of reinforcing group solidarity, this method of explanation then fails (a priori) to explain why billions still believe.

The Civil War Essays -- essays research papers

American History, The Civil War After the Constitution was adopted by all of the States in 1789, uniting the States into one nation, differences between the States had been worked out through compromises. By 1861 these differences between the Northern States and the Southern States had become so great that compromise would no longer work. Thus, a conflict started within our nation that was called the Civil War. For more than 30 years arguments between the North and South had been growing. One of these quarrels was about taxes paid on goods brought into this country from foreign countries. This kind of tax is called a tariff. In 1828 Northern businessmen helped get the "Tariff Act" passed. It raised the prices of manufactured products from Europe which were sold mainly in the South. The purpose of the law was to encourage the South to buy the North's products. It angered the Southern people to have to pay more for the goods they wanted from Europe or pay more to get goods from the North. Either way the Southern people were forced to pay more because of the efforts of Northern businessmen. Though most of tariff laws had been changed by the time of the Civil War, the Southern people still remembered how they were treated by the Northern people. In the years before the Civil War the political power in the Federal Government, centered in Washington D.C., was changing. The Northern and Mid-Western States were becoming more and more powerful as the populations increased. The Southern States were losing political power. Just as the original thirteen colonies fought for their independence almost 100 years earlier, the Southern States felt a growing need for freedom from the central Federal authority in Washington D.C. They felt that each State should make its own laws. This issue was called "State's Rights". Some Southern States wanted to secede, or break away from the United States of America and govern themselves. Another quarrel between the North and South, and perhaps the most emotional one, was over the issue of slavery. Farming was the South's main industry and cotton was the primary farm product. Not having the use of machines, it took a great amount of human labor to pick cotton. A large number of slaves were used in the South to provide the labor. Many slaves were also used to provide labor for the various household chores that needed ... ...lying raw materials for the industrialization of the more prosperous North. The reenactment of the fall of Richmond seemed to symbolize the cooling of Confederate passion. The ceremony drew 850 people, while one mile away, 1,500 jammed Broad Street t for a walk to benefit the National Multiple Sclerosis Society. On the lawn of the Capitol, belles wore black as a fifeanddrum corps led the Northern charge, startling couples eating brunch on downtown patios. Another neglected chapter unfolds along Lee's Retreat, a 20stop driving tour promoted by the National Park Service and economic development agencies. Reflectorized signs featuring red, white and blue bugles point the way across the lush, increasingly hilly terrain from Petersburg to Appomattox Court House, where the surrender took place. After the Constitution was adopted by all of the States in 1789, uniting the States into one nation, differences between the States had been worked out through compromises. By 1861 compromises had been practically thrown out the window because no one would listen to the other. Thus, a conflict started within our nation that was called the Civil War.

Republic of India

India, officially the Republic of India (Bharat Ganrajya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country with over 1. 2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the south-west, and the Bay of Bengal on the south-east, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west;[d] China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north-east; and Burma and Bangladesh to the east.In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; in addition, India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Home to the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation and a region of historic trade routes and vast empires, the Indian subcontinent was identified with its commercial and cultural wealth for much of its long history.Four world religions—Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism—originated here, whereas Judaism, Zoroast rianism, Christianity, and Islam arrived in the 1st millennium CE and also helped shape the region's diverse culture. Gradually annexed by and brought under the administration of the British East India Company from the early 18th century and administered directly by the United Kingdom from the mid-19th century, India became an independent nation in 1947 after a struggle for independence that was marked by non-violent resistance led by Mahatma Gandhi.Rabindranath Tagore is Asia's first Nobel laureate and composer of India's national anthem Swami Vivekananda was a key figure in introducing Vedanta and Yoga in Europe and USA, raising interfaith awareness and making Hinduism a world religion. The Indian economy is the world's tenth-largest by nominal GDP and third-largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). Following market-based economic reforms in 1991, India became one of the fastest-growing major economies; it is considered a newly industrialised country.However, it continues to face the challenges of poverty, corruption, malnutrition, inadequate public healthcare, and terrorism. A nuclear weapons state and a regional power, it has the third-largest standing army in the world and ranks eighth in military expenditure among nations. India is a federal constitutional republic governed under a parliamentary system consisting of 28 states and 7 union territories. India is a pluralistic, multilingual, and a multi-ethnic society. It is also home to a diversity of wildlife in a variety of protected habitats.

The Antagonistic View of Sexuality in OConnor Wise Blood...

The Antagonistic View of Sexuality in Wiseblood In the novel Wiseblood, by Flannery OConnor, one finds an unpleasant, almost antagonistic view of sexuality. The author seems to regard sex as an evil, and harps on this theme throughout the novel. Each sexual incident which occurs in the novel is tainted with grotesquem. Different levels of the darker side of sexuality are exposed, from perversion to flagrant displays of nudity. It serves to give the novel a bit of a moralistic overtone. The Carnival Episode illustrated Hazels first experience with sexuality. The author depicts an incident surrounded by an aura of sinfulness. Indeed, the shows promoter claims that it is SINsational. In his anxiousness to view the†¦show more content†¦He feels ashamed for having gone inside the tent, and punishes himself. Here, it is evident that the author means to show that Sexuality is a sinful creature. This moral tone is reinforced by the behavior of his parents during the episode. Whilst inside the tent, Hazel hears his father remark appreciatively about the nude body: Had one of themther built into ever casket, be a heap ready to go sooner. After returning home, Hazels mother realizes that her son has experienced something that he should not have, and confronts him about it. Though he does not admit what he has done, he proceeds to punish himself. It is inferred that Hazel respects his mothers attitude toward the matter. OConnor seems to propose that Hazel must do penance for what he has done, or, on a larger scale, for witnessing vulgar displays of sexuality. Perversion reaches its height when OConnor introduces the reader to Enoch Emery. During Enochs various dealings with women, one witnesses vulgarity in all its forms. The events surrounding the first of these incidents is tinged with a bit of mystery. OConnor paints the portrait of a Peeping Tom, an adolescent Enoch Emery watching a topless woman sunbathe while hidden in between abelia bushes. Strangely enough, the woman has a long and cadaverous face, with a bandage-like bathing cap. Ironically, the woman also has pointedShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesand provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, including chapters on phenomenology, critical theory and psychoanalysis. Like all good textbooks, the book is accessible, well researched and readers are encouraged to view chapters as a starting point for getting to grips with the field of organization theory. Dr Martin Brigham, Lancaster University, UK McAule y et al. provide a highly readable account of ideas, perspectives and practices of organization. By thoroughly